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Future Tense- Lesson

Future Tenses: Future tenses are used to describe an event not having happened yet, but expected to happen in the future. These are of 4 types:

(1) Future Simple

(2) Future Progressive

(3) Future Perfect

(4) Future Perfect Progressive

1. Future Simple: simple future has two different forms in English: ‘will’ and ‘be going to’. Both ‘will’ and ‘be going to’ refer to a specific time in the future.

Rule: Subject + will/shall + 1st form of verb

Example: She will read a book.

I will walk.

He will run 3 miles.

You will sleep.

2. Future Progressive: The future continuous tense describes a continuing action, something that will be happening, going on, at some point in the future.

Rule: Subject + will/shall be + Present participle

Example: She will be reading a book.

I will be walking.

They will be running.

You will be sleeping.

3. Future Perfect: Future perfect tense indicates an action will have been completed (finished) at some point in the future.

Rule: Subject + will have + Past participle

Example: She will have read a book.

I will have walked.

He will have run 3 miles.

You will have slept.

4. Future Perfect Progressive: Future perfect progressive tense is used to describe a continuous action that will be completed at some point in the future.

Rule: Subject + will/shall have been + Present participle

Example: She will have been reading.

I will have been walking.

He will have been running.

You will have been sleeping.

Note: • Present participle: The 1st form of verb ending with ‘ing’ is called Present participle.

• Past participle: The 3rd form of verb is called Past participle.

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Past Tense- Lesson

Past Tenses: Past tenses describe an action which has happened in the past.

These are of 4 types:

(1) Past Simple

(2) Past Progressive

(3) Past Perfect

(4) Past Perfect Progressive

1. Past Simple: the simple past tense is used to describe an action which has started and finished in the past.

Rule: Subject + 2nd form of verb

Example: She read a book.

I walked

He ran 3 miles.

You slept

2. Past Progressive: The past continuous describes an action or event in a time before now, which began in the past and was still going on when another event occurred.

Rule: Subject + was/were + Present participle

Example: She was reading a book.

I was walking.

They were running.

You were slept.

3. Past Perfect: Past perfect tense indicates that an action was completed (finished) at some point in the past before something else happened means It is used to make it clear that one event happened before another in the past.

Rule: Subject + had + Past participle

Example: She had read a book.

I had walked

He had run 3 miles.

You had slept.

4. Past Perfect Progressive: Past perfect progressive tense is used to describe a continuous action that was completed at some point in the past.

Rule: Subject + had been + Present participle

Example: She had been reading. I had been walking. He has been running. You had been sleeping.